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flour

flour

GrainsYear-round. Flour is a stable, shelf-stable ingredient produced and available consistently throughout the year due to grain storage and milling infrastructure.

Refined wheat flour is primarily carbohydrates (starch) with moderate protein content; whole wheat flour retains bran and germ, providing additional fiber, B vitamins, and minerals. Enriched flours have synthetic vitamins and minerals added to restore nutrients lost during refining.

About

Flour is a fine powder produced by grinding cereal grains, legumes, or other starchy plants into a meal and then refining it to remove coarser particles. Wheat flour, the most common variety in Western cuisines, derives from the endosperm of wheat berries (Triticum aestivum or related species) and contains the starch, proteins (particularly gluten), and nutrients that make it suitable for baking and cooking. The character of flour varies significantly based on the wheat variety used, milling process, and degree of refinement; whole wheat flour retains the bran and germ, while all-purpose and bread flours are refined endosperm products with varying protein content (typically 10-14% protein). Regional traditions employ flour from diverse sources: rice flour in East and Southeast Asian cuisines, corn flour in the Americas, rye flour in Northern Europe, and chickpea flour in South Asian cuisines.

Culinary Uses

Flour functions as a foundational ingredient across global cuisines, serving as the primary structural component in breads, pastries, pasta, and batters. In baking, the protein networks formed during hydration and kneading (particularly gluten in wheat flour) develop elasticity and strength essential to leavened breads, tender cakes, and crisp pastries. Flour thickens sauces, stews, and gravies through the starch gelatinization that occurs during cooking, and it serves as a coating for fried foods, providing crispness and sealing moisture. Different flour types are matched to specific applications: bread flour (high protein) for chewy loaves, cake flour (low protein) for tender crumbs, and all-purpose flour for versatile everyday cooking.

Used In

Recipes Using flour (2,355)

RCI-BR.004.0442.001

Red Velvet Cake

Red Velvet Cake from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.001.0219.001

Refrigerator Bread Dough

Purchased from the Woods Estate in Canton, Texas in 1988. Dated 1944.

RCI-BR.005.0524.001

Refrigerator cookies

Refrigerator cookies from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.005.0525.001

Remarkable Rhubarb Bites

Remarkable Rhubarb Bites from the Recidemia collection

RCI-DS.004.0228.001

Rhubarb and Ginger Cobbler

Rhubarb and Ginger Cobbler from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.005.0526.001

Rhubarb Bars

Rhubarb Bars from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.004.0446.002

Rhubarb Cake

. Rhubarb may be an intimidatingly tart vegetable eaten on its own, but when its sharp flavor is tempered with the addition of butter and sugar, it makes excellent desserts such as the cake recipe below.

RCI-DS.004.0234.001

Rhubarb Crisp with Walnut Topping

Rhubarb Crisp with Walnut Topping from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.005.0528.001

Rhubarb Crumb Bars

Rhubarb Crumb Bars from the Recidemia collection

Rhubarb crumble
RCI-DS.004.0235.001

Rhubarb crumble

Rhubarb crumble is a traditional British dessert. Served with custard, cream or ice cream it is a hearty, filling, and warm feast, best served after a light meal.

RCI-BR.005.0529.001

Rhubarb Custard Bars

Rhubarb Custard Bars from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.003.0351.001

Rhubarb Nut Bread

Rhubarb Nut Bread from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.003.0352.001

Rhubarb Royale

Throw what you know about rhubarb out the window. This recipe is sweet to the palate, using sugar and strawberry Jell-O to offset the acidity of the rhubarb. A splendid streusel topping and a buttery pastry crust round out this dessert.

RCI-DS.004.0240.001

Rhubarb-Strawberry Cobbler

Rhubarb-Strawberry Cobbler from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.004.0449.001

Rhubarb Torte

Rhubarb Torte from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.008.0177.001

Rice and Blueberry Pancakes with Ginger Syrup

Makes 6 servings

RCI-EG.003.0120.001

Rice and Carrot Ring

Makes 6 servings

RCI-BR.008.0178.001

Rice and Sausage Pancakes with Country Gravy

Makes 4 servings

RCI-BR.008.0181.001

Rice Buttermilk Waffles

Makes 6 servings

RCI-BR.008.0182.001

Rice Cakes

Rice Cakes from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.008.0183.001

Rice Crêpes

Makes 6 servings

RCI-BR.003.0354.001

RICE 'N HONEY MUFFINS

Makes 4 servings

RCI-BR.004.0451.001

Rich Almond Cake

Rich Almond Cake from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.004.0452.001

Rich and Easy Egg Free Chocolate Cake

My parents own a traditionally-run sheep farm in the Falkland Islands. Cruise ship tourists come to visit and enjoy the experience. I cook this chocolate cake for my mum to serve to her visitors.

RCI-BR.004.0453.001

Rich Banana Cake

Rich Banana Cake from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.004.0454.001

Rich Chocolate Cake

Rich Chocolate Cake from the Recidemia collection

RCI-SP.002.0178.001

Rich Cream of Mushroom Soup

This soup is rich and very good. From "Catsrecipes Y-Group" Source: Mrs.

RCI-BR.008.0185.001

Rich Crêpes

Rich Crêpes from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.005.0534.001

Ricotta Cheese Cookies

Ricotta Cheese Cookies Simply the best!

RCI-ND.005.0126.001

Ricotta Gnocchi

Ricotta Gnocchi Chef Augie Arifi recipe.

RCI-VG.004.1138.001

Rishtat Borma

Rishtat Borma from the Recidemia collection

RCI-RC.002.0028.001

Risotto Cakes with Bayou Sauce

Contributed by Catsrecipes Y-Group

RCI-MT.001.0214.001

Roast Beef Po' Boys

Contributed by Catsrecipes Y-Group * Source: River Road

RCI-SN.003.0218.001

Roasted Chicken Nachos With Green Chili-Cheese Sauce

Makes 6 to 8 servings.

RCI-MT.003.0078.001

Roast Goat

Roast Goat from the Recidemia collection

RCI-MT.002.0240.001

Roast Pork Loin with Gravy

If you look up comfort food in the dictionary, you'll see a picture of this dish.

RCI-BR.003.0355.001

Rock Buns

300px| Rock Buns

RCI-BR.004.0456.001

Rock Cakes

* Makes 24

Rogaliki
RCI-BR.005.0536.001

Rogaliki

Rogaliki

RCI-BR.004.0457.001

Rolled Cake with Marmalade or Preserves

In Romanian: Rulada cu marmelada sau dulceata

RCI-BR.003.0356.001

Rolled Oats Banana Bread

Inherited from the Davidson Estate in Terrell, Texas in 1987. This recipe indicates it came from the back of a rolled oats container and is dated 1924.

RCI-BR.005.0537.001

Rolled Oats, Fruit and Nut Cookies

Rolled Oats, Fruit and Nut Cookies from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.008.0186.001

Rolled Wafers

Rolled Wafers from the Recidemia collection

RCI-SC.001.0049.001

Roomsaus

This cream sauce goes well with calf's tongue and boiled chicken.

RCI-SP.005.0202.001

Root Vegetable Curry

Root Vegetable Curry from the Recidemia collection

RCI-BR.003.0357.001

Rose Geranium Biscuits

A recipe using Scented Rose Geranium leaves and flowers (Pelargonium Graveolens).

RCI-SF.001.0303.001

Rosemary Garlic Fish

This is the Catsoulis family recipe from the Greek island of Kythera.

RCI-BR.003.0358.001

Rose Petal Drop Scones

What could be more beautiful and decorative than these delicious scones with rose petals? Recipe was adapted from the cookbook, Flowers in the Kitchen, by Susan Belsinger, Interweave.

RCI-BR.008.0188.001

Rostii

Potato pancakes Contributed by World Recipes Y-GroupThis Y-group is international. Good food from all parts of the world. A place where we can share the wonderful food from all over the world. Makes 12 pancakes.

RCI-BR.002.0093.001

Roti Bread

Roti Bread from the Recidemia collection